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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlem | om koβə̑žlo |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlet | ot koβə̑žlo |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žla | ok/ogeš koβə̑žlo |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlena | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žlo |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žleda | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑žlo |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlat | ogə̑t koβə̑žlo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlə̑šə̑m | šə̑m koβə̑žlo |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβə̑žlo |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlə̑š | ə̑š koβə̑žlo |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlə̑šna | ə̑šna koβə̑žlo |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlə̑šda | ə̑šda koβə̑žlo |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlə̑št | ə̑št koβə̑žlo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlenam | koβə̑žlen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlenat | koβə̑žlen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlen | koβə̑žlen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlenna | koβə̑žlen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlenda | koβə̑žlen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlenə̑t | koβə̑žlen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlem ə̑l'e | om koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlet ə̑l'e | ot koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žla ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlem ulmaš | om koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlet ulmaš | ot koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žla ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlat ulmaš | ogə̑t koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlenam ə̑l'e | koβə̑žlen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlenat ə̑l'e | koβə̑žlen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlen ə̑l'e | koβə̑žlen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlenna ə̑l'e | koβə̑žlen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlenda ə̑l'e | koβə̑žlen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlen ə̑l'e | koβə̑žlen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlenam ulmaš | koβə̑žlen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlenat ulmaš | koβə̑žlen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlen ulmaš | koβə̑žlen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlenna ulmaš | koβə̑žlen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlenda ulmaš | koβə̑žlen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlen ulmaš | koβə̑žlen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlo | it koβə̑žlo |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlə̑žo | ə̑nže koβə̑žlo |
| 1PL: | (koβə̑žlena) | (ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žlo) |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlə̑za | ida koβə̑žlo |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koβə̑žlo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlə̑nem | ə̑nem koβə̑žlo |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlə̑net | ə̑net koβə̑žlo |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlə̑neže | ə̑než koβə̑žlo |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlə̑nena | ə̑nena koβə̑žlo |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlə̑neda | ə̑neda koβə̑žlo |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlə̑nešt | ə̑nešt koβə̑žlo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žlə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žlə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβə̑žlo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žlə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žlə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žlə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žlə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβə̑žlo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβə̑žlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβə̑žlə̑man |
| Active participle: | koβə̑žlə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | koβə̑žlə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβə̑žlə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | koβə̑žlə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβə̑žlen |
| Negative gerund: | koβə̑žlə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβə̑žlə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβə̑žlə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβə̑žlə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koβə̑žlə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | koβə̑žlə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||